Research exploring low-grade systemic inflammation and its impact on the development and progression of neurodegenerative disease has increased. A particular research focus has been whether systemic inflammation arises only as a secondary effect of disease or is also a cause of pathology. The inflammasomes, and more specifically the NLRP3 inflammasome, a crucial component of the innate immune system, is usually activated in response to infection or tissue damage.
Neuroinflammation, and its link to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
- Mechanism: Chronic brain inflammation is a major driver of neurodegeneration in dementia. Researchers are exploring drugs that target inflammatory pathways while avoiding harmful side effects. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been ruled out due to side effects, but more selective anti-inflammatory agents, like PDE4 inhibitors or NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors, are in development.
- Results: In animal models, these drugs have shown the ability to reduce neuroinflammation and improve cognitive function with minimal side effects.
- Current Stage: These agents are in early preclinical testing.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.643254/full